Observations of the New Nation
Two foreign visitors capture the spirit and culture of the new nation.
Making Treaties
The Memoirs of Rufus Putnam and certain official papers and correspondence Excerpts from Rufus Putnam, The Memoirs of Rufus Putnam and certain official papers and correspondence (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1903). University of California Libraries, Archive.org. Document Text Summary A Queen of the Weaughtenows rose, and shaking hands with General Putnam, apologized for her Sons’ not being here; saying: A Queen of the Weaughtenows stood up and shook hands with General Putnam. She apologized that her sons were not there and said: They are wicked when they are drunk—They have done a great deal of Mischief—Yet she should say something for them. Their Older Brothers (meaning the Miamis & Indians) spurr’d them to do mischief—They were not therefore altogether to blame. They behave badly when they are drunk. They have caused a
Filipina Resistance against Imperialism
The speech of a Filipina activist who fought against American imperialism.
Life Story: Changunak Antisarlook
The story of an Indigenous reindeer herd owner who became the wealthiest woman in Alaska.
Life Story: María Ruiz de Burton
The story of a Latina author who used her work to critique the American treatment of Mexican people.
Life Story: Queen Lili’uokalani
The story of the last ruler of the Kingdom of Hawai’i, who fought for her people during the American takeover of her country.
Life Story: Emilia Casanova de Villaverde
The story of a Cuban exile who supported Cuban independence from New York.
Puerto Rican Citizenship
The opinion of the court in the case of Isabel González that determined that Puerto Ricans were not immigrants.
American Women in Hanoi
Two photographs documenting the anti-war activists who visited Hanoi during the Vietnam War.
Life Story: Katherine Johnson
The story of a mathematician whose calculations contributed significantly to the United States’ achievements in space exploration.
