, particularly for Black women eager to exercise their right to vote. Jim Crow policies and violent and non-violent intimidation had been effective in keeping large numbers of Black men from the polls for decades. Black women now faced similar measures. This was
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same as you white folks,” they argued. Within a few months, she was a teacher at one of the African American schools in the city.
Building Community During Jim Crow
Maggie taught until 1886, when she married Armstead Walker Jr. The Richmond school
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promoting this white Southern ideology by analyzing this photograph in tandem with images of the Jefferson Davis Memorial, the life story of Janet Randolph, and additional resources in the curriculum Black Citizenship in the Age of Jim Crow.
Consider this
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, and ironing. Three years later, in 1881, Ida and her two youngest sisters moved fifty miles away to Memphis, Tennessee, to live with their aunt, where Ida continued to teach.
Meeting Jim Crow
The South was changing. Reconstruction was over. A harsh
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Black community in Springfield, Illinois. The violence in Abraham Lincoln’s hometown convinced many that Jim Crow was not simply a Southern problem, and it provided a rare platform for interracial cooperation. The call for action came from New Yorker
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for the city’s African Americans. But she never spoke out against the denial of basic constitutional rights to Blacks during the long era of Jim Crow.
How did Janet’s childhood experiences before and during the Civil War carry through into her
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families in her town. When she took a teaching job in the South, she witnessed the horrors of Jim Crow racism firsthand. After marrying successful lawyer Samuel Laing Williams and relocating to Chicago, Williams dedicated her time to helping Black women
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the creation of the Mary Church Terrell Fund, a charity that raised money to end Jim Crow discrimination in Washington, D.C.
Mary died in July 1954, less than two months after Brown v. Board of Education paved the way for far-reaching integration. At
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early twentieth centuries, see Black Citizenship in the Age of Jim Crow.
Source Notes Activism and Social Change. American Culture. Artifact. Black Experiences. Classroom Application. Consumer Culture. Elementary School. Fashion History. Great Migration
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. Domesticity and Family. Great Migration. High School. Image. Jim Crow. Middle School. Modernizing America, 1889−1920. Race & Racism. Region. Resource Type. South. Themes. Topics. Units. 1908. 1909. 1910
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